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Highlights

Injection of Somatic Cell Cytoplasm into Oocytes Before ICSI Impairs Full-Term Development and Increases Placental Weight in Mice.

Nguyen Van Thuan, Sayaka Wakayama, Satoshi Kishigami, Hiroshi Ohta, Takafusa Hikichi, Eiji Mizutani, Hong-Thuy Bui, and Teruhiko Wakayama. Biol Reprod 2006; 74: 865–873. Published online ahead of print 25 January 2006; DOI 10.1095/biolreprod.105.047803

Pitfalls in cloning. Diverse and poorly understood nuclear and cytoplasmic elements contribute to embryo success and adult health. In a paper by Van Thuan et al. on p. 865, possible effects of donor cell cytoplasm on the development of cloned embryos made by somatic cell nuclear transfer were evaluated by injecting different amounts of cumulus cell cytoplasm into ovulated eggs. The eggs were then fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection and allowed to develop. The authors observed both dose- and strain-dependent effects of cytoplasm on development and placental weight. While it remains to be determined how the donor cell cytoplasm may affect clones having somatic cell nuclei, these results point to another possible pitfall in the cloning technology, and could at least partially account for donor cell genotype effects on cloning success.

Sexually Dimorphic Regulation of Inhibin Beta B in Establishing Gonadal Vasculature in Mice.

Humphrey Hung-Chang Yao, Jorie Aardema, and Kirsten Holthusen. Biol Reprod 2006; 74:978–983. Published online ahead of print 1 February 2006; DOI 10.1095/biolreprod.105.050286

Sex determination and gonadal vasculature. Complex signaling pathways regulate early determination of the indifferent gonad to become a testis or an ovary. One of the hallmarks of testis differentiation propelled by the Sry gene is the development of a male-specific coelomic vessel on the gonad; this is critical for testis formation and, ultimately, hormone transport. In a paper on p. 978, Yao and co-workers make elegant use of several gene knockout models to illuminate how inhibin beta B (INHBB) controls the formation of this vasculature. In the ovary, WNT4 and follistatin repress INHBB, and the coelomic vessel does not form. Absence of either WNT4 or follistatin leads to partial sex reversal, with the ectopic formation of the vessel on an XX ovary. However, when INHBB is ablated in these models, the coelomic vessel is not formed and normal ovarian development is restored. These results place INHBB as a key regulator in the diverging pathways leading to testis versus ovary determination.

Related articles in Biol Reprod:

Injection of Somatic Cell Cytoplasm into Oocytes Before Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Impairs Full-Term Development and Increases Placental Weight in Mice

Nguyen Van Thuan, Sayaka Wakayama, Satoshi Kishigami, Hiroshi Ohta, Takafusa Hikichi, Eiji Mizutani, Hong-Thuy Bui, and Teruhiko Wakayama
Biol Reprod 2006 74: 865-873. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Sexually Dimorphic Regulation of Inhibin Beta B in Establishing Gonadal Vasculature in Mice

Humphrey Hung-Chang Yao, Jorie Aardema, and Kirsten Holthusen
Biol Reprod 2006 74: 978-983. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Related articles in Biol Reprod Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Search for Related Content